Tripoli is jewelers rouge which is equivalent to 900 grit or a 10 micron particle size.
EEE is short for Triple-E which is another way of writing Tripoli
White Diamond is Tin Oxide which is about the same as 1500 grit which is 5 micon particle.
2000-grit sandpaper is a 2 micron particle
and 12,000 MicroMesh is a 1 micron particle
The scratch removers and plastic polishes are in the 0.5 - 2 micron particle sizes. They polish because they have a different particle shape from sandpaper and they are suspended in a liquid.
Take your pick. There isn't a lot of difference when you get into the finer grits.
You may or may not be improving the fineness of the scratch pattern when using these finer compounds and polishes, but you may be making it a more reflective surface by changing the shape and depth of the scratches; and that will give the surface a higher gloss.
Micro-Mesh uses a different numbering system because they didn't want it to be compared to sandpaper grits because they are a different shaped particle that makes a different scratch pattern and they have a tighter size variation for the particles that are on the sheet. Yet we still use the "equivalent charts" and argue that they are the same. A comparison of MM and sandpaper is an apple and orange similarity - they are both abrasive sheets with particles attached to a backing, but beyond that there are enough differences that no comparison can be made. Use any Micro-Mesh and it equivalent sandpaper grit on the same surface, and the MM will have the appearance of a higher gloss every time.