It's a cool video - posted back in June on this same forum. Here's the note I added back then for those interested.
The lead-ins for each segment tell you what the material is except for the last (4th) segment.
Mild steel
ESR (420) no coating on the cutter
ESR (420) TiN coating on the cutter
Stainless (some other sort) TiN coating.
That blob is called the "built up edge" and when that breaks off you get bad surface finish. Coatings improve lubricity to help prevent the BUE. If there was any wonder about how work hardening can occur this sure shows it.
Cheers,
Rich