Rudy is right, real celluloid has the same chemical composition as "gun cotton" which is an explosive! As a matter of fact, that is how you can tell if something is made from real celluloid - you scrape off a little flake and light it. If it burns like a Texas wildfire, then it's celluloid!
If I'm not mistaken, what is being sold as celluloid now is something along the lines of a celluloid acetate, so it is related to celluloid, by working properties if not by chemical composition. But it's also related to other acetates, such as the acrylic acetate (AA) we get from Berea and Arizona Silhouette.
Now, if you be-moan the fact we can't get real celluloid anymore (it WOULD be fun to light some of that stuff up!), I'll also tell you that history is showing us that it breaks down after as little as twenty years. So prospects of lasting for a long time are really better with the "celluloid" we are using today. And, one of the reasons we can't get real celluloid anymore is that it was all made in Europe, primarily Italy, and would have to be imported to the US; and it is difficult to import that much explosive into the country at one time anymore!!!
Enjoy your celluloid!
Scott.